Comparative Analysis of RSA and Elliptic Curve Cryptography in Modern Security Architectures
Shubh Soni
, Shubham Gandhi , Roshani Patel
The proliferation of networked digital systems demands robust asymmetric cryptographic primitives capable of guaranteeing
confidentiality, integrity, and non-repudiation against increasingly capable adversaries. This paper presents an original, in-depth comparative study
of two dominant public-key paradigms—the Rivest-Shamir-Adleman (RSA) algorithm and Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC)—across seven
critical dimensions: mathematical foundations, key-size efficiency, computational throughput, energy consumption, protocol integration,
vulnerability profiles, and post-quantum readiness. Through original analysis grounded in published benchmarks, NIST standards, and protocol
specifications, we demonstrate that ECC consistently outperforms RSA in every metric except signature verification speed, with key-size
advantages ranging from 6:1 at the 80-bit security level to 30:1 at the 256-bit level. The adoption of TLS 1.3 formalized this transition by mandating
ephemeral ECC-based key exchange and eliminating static RSA transport. Crucially, both algorithms face existential quantum vulnerability via
Shor’s algorithm, necessitating an industry-wide migration toward NIST-standardized post-quantum primitives by 2030. This paper concludes
with a decision framework and migration roadmap to guide practitioners in selecting and transitioning cryptographic infrastructure.
"Comparative Analysis of RSA and Elliptic Curve Cryptography in Modern Security Architectures", JETNR - JOURNAL OF EMERGING TRENDS AND NOVEL RESEARCH (www.JETNR.org), ISSN:2984-9276, Vol.4, Issue 4, page no.d36-d41, April-2026, Available :https://rjpn.org/JETNR/papers/JETNR2604400.pdf
Volume 4
Issue 4,
April-2026
Pages : d36-d41
Paper Reg. ID: JETNR_234151
Published Paper Id: JETNR2604400
Downloads: 00038
Research Area: Science and Technology
Country: Ahmedabad , Gujarat, India
ISSN: 2984-9276 | IMPACT FACTOR: 9.87 Calculated By Google Scholar | ESTD YEAR: 2023
An International Scholarly Open Access Journal, Peer-Reviewed, Refereed Journal Impact Factor 9.87 Calculate by Google Scholar and Semantic Scholar | AI-Powered Research Tool, Multidisciplinary, Monthly, Multilanguage Journal Indexing in All Major Database & Metadata, Citation Generator
Publisher: RJPN (IJPublication) Janvi Wave
